TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
1. Matter, Energy, and Electricity
2. Batteries
3. Direct Current
APPENDIX
I. Glossary
II. Laws of Exponents
III. Square and Square Roots
IV. Comparison of Units in Electric and Magnetic Circuits; and Carbon Resistor
Size Comparison by Wattage Ratings
V. Useful Formulas for I.C. Circuits
MATTER, ENERGY, AND ELECTRICITY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Learning objectives are stated at the beginning of each chapter. These learning objectives serve as a preview of the information you are expected to learn in the chapter. The comprehensive check questions
are based on the objectives. By successfully completing the NRTC, you indicate that you have met the objectives and have learned the information. The learning objectives are listed below.
Upon completing this chapter, you will be able to:
1. State the meanings of and the relationship between matter, element, nucleus, compound,
molecule, mixture, atom, electron, proton, neutron, energy, valence, valence shell, and ion.
2. State the meanings of and the relationship between kinetic energy, potential energy, photons,electron orbits, energy levels, and shells and subshells.
3. State, in terms of valence, the differences between a conductor, an insulator, and a
semiconductor, and list some materials which make the best conductors and insulators.
4. State the definition of static electricity and explain how static electricity is generated.
5. State the meanings of retentivity, reluctance, permeability, ferromagnetism, natural magnet, and artificial magnet as used to describe magnetic materials.
6. State the Weber and domain theories of magnetism and list six characteristics of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux), including their relation to magnetic induction,
shielding, shape, and storage.
7. State, using the water analogy, how a difference of potential (a voltage or an electromotive force) can exist. Convert volts to microvolts, to millivolts, and to kilovolts.
8. List six methods for producing a voltage (emf) and state the operating principles of and the uses for each method.
9. State the meanings of electron current, random drift, directed drift, and ampere, and indicate the direction that an electric current flows.
10. State the relationship of current to voltage and convert amperes to milliamperes and
microamperes.
11. State the definitions of and the terms and symbols for resistance and conductance, and how the temperature, contents, length and cross-sectional area of a conductor affect its resistance and conductance values.
12. List the physical and operating characteristics of and the symbols, ratings, and uses for various types of resistors; use the color code to identify resistor values.
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